These sources are provided for the use of those who would like to dig deeper into existing scientific literature about Fo-Ti:
1. Chan, Y. C., Wang, M. F., Chen, Y. C., Yang, D. Y., Lee, M. S., and Cheng, F. C. Long-term administration of Polygonum
multiflorum Thunb. reduces cerebral ischemia-induced infarct volume in gerbils. Am.J.Chin Med. 2003;31(1):71-77.
2. Zhang, C. Z., Wang, S. X., Zhang, Y., Chen, J. P., and Liang, X. M. In vitro estrogenic activities of Chinese medicinal plants
traditionally used for the management of menopausal symptoms. J Ethnopharmacol 4-26-2005;98(3):295-300.
3. Liu, C., Zhang, Q., and Lin, J. [Effect of the root of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. and its processed products on fat
accumulation in the liver of mice]. Zhongguo Zhong.Yao Za Zhi. 1992;17(10):595-6, 639.
4. Chan, Y. C., Wang, M. F., and Chang, H. C. Polygonum multiflorum extracts improve cognitive performance in senescence
accelerated mice. Am.J.Chin Med. 2003;31(2):171-179.
5. Mazzanti, G., Battinelli, L., Daniele, C., Mastroianni, C. M., Lichtner, M., Coletta, S., and Costantini, S. New case of acute
hepatitis following the consumption of Shou Wu Pian, a Chinese herbal product derived from Polygonum multiflorum.
Ann.Intern.Med. 4-6-2004;140(7):W30.
6. Park, G. J., Mann, S. P., and Ngu, M. C. Acute hepatitis induced by Shou-Wu-Pian, a herbal product derived from
Polygonum multiflorum. J.Gastroenterol.Hepatol. 2001;16(1):115-117. View Abstract
7. But, P. P., Tomlinson, B., and Lee, K. L. Hepatitis related to the Chinese medicine Shou-wu-pian manufactured from
Polygonum multiflorum. Vet.Hum.Toxicol. 1996;38(4):280-282.
8. Covington, T. R. and et al. Handbook of Nonprescription Drugs. 1996.
9. Leung, A. Y. and Foster, S. Encyclopedia of Common Natural Ingredients Used in Food, Drugs and Cosmetics. 1996;2nd
ed.
10. McGuffin, M., Hobbs, C., Upton, R., and Goldberg, A. American Herbal Products Association’s Botanical Safety Handbook.
1997.
11. Oerter, Klein K., Janfaza, M., Wong, J. A., and Chang, R. J. Estrogen bioactivity in fo-ti and other herbs used for their
estrogen-like effects as determined by a recombinant cell bioassay. J Clin Endocrinol.Metab 2003;88(9):4077-4079.
12. Unger, M. and Frank, A. Simultaneous determination of the inhibitory potency of herbal extracts on the activity of six major
cytochrome P450 enzymes using liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry and automated online extraction. Rapid
Commun.Mass Spectrom. 2004;18(19):2273-2281.
13. Brinker, F. Herb Contraindications and Drug Interactions. 1998;2nd ed.
14. Foster, S. and Tyler, V. E. Tyler’s Honest Herbal: A Sensible Guide to the Use of Herbs and Related Remedies. 1993;3rd
ed.
15. Chen, J. [An experimental study on the anti-senility effects of shou xing bu zhi]. Zhong.Xi.Yi.Jie.He.Za Zhi. 1989;9(4):226-7,
16. Horikawa, K., Mohri,
